TREND (Trauma RElated Neuronal Dysfunction) is a consortium of Dutch medical and technical universities and industrial companies, in which the research on Complex Regional Pain Syndrome type 1 (CRPS-1) is integrated.

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News overview

11.05.12 - International Symposium 2012 (Leiden)

210 participants from different countries

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4.05.12 - TREND Researchers actively participated in a workshop

newsletter workshop Imaging Neuro Inflammation and Neuropathic Pain’‘

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27.03.12 - EFIC congres 'Pain in Europe VIII'

From October 9-12, 2013 THE EFIC congress ‘Pain in Europe VIII’ will take place in Florence

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2.03.12 - Appointment Van den Maagdenberg

On March 1st, Arn van den Maagdenberg is appointed as professor

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19.12.11 - Announcement: doctoral degree of Frank van Eijs
On Thursday 26 January 2012 Frank van Eijs will defend his Ph D thesis. The ceremony will take place at 16.00 in the auditorium of the University of Maastricht.
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31.10.11 - Announcement: doctoral degree of Alex Munts
On Wednesday the 2nd of November Alex Munts will defend his Ph D thesis. The ceremony will take place at 16.15 in the 'Academiegebouw', Rapenburg 73 in Leiden.
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27.10.11 - In the end of 2011 TREND strikes a balance
In the past years TREND has achieved excellent results. Unfortunately the funding of the TREND consortium will end at December 31, 2011. The participating universities in TREND have announced to continue the research, albeit on a smaller scale since we are forced to seek funding from other sources.
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5.10.11 - Upcoming workshop: Imaging neuroinflammation and Neuropathic Pain
On the 13th till 15th of October 2011 the Translational Research Workshop 'Imaging neuroinflammation and Neuropathic Pain' will take place. On behalf of TREND Roberto Perez will perform and participate on Saturday.
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4.08.11 - Announcement International Symposium 'CRPS Current state of art'
TREND announces its two-day international conference on CRPS. The conference aims to provide an overview of the results that have been obtained from studies that have been performed within TREND, as well as present information on the latest results from studies that have been executed by internationally renowned CRPS researchers.
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13.07.11 - Completion of final report TREND
The final report of TREND has been completed. The report describes the progress and outcomes of the 8-year granting period, i.e. 2004 till 2011.
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24.06.11 - Clinical features and pathophysiology of complex regional pain syndrome
Together with an international group of renown CRPS researchers, researchers from TREND published a review on the clinical features and pathophysiological mechanisms of CRPS in The Lancet Neurology, the leading journal in the field of neurology.
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1.06.11 - PhD Thesis of Winfred Mugge: Reflex mechanisms in CRPS-related dystonia
On Wednesday 22th of June Winfred Mugge will defend his PhD thesis at Delft University of Technology.
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9.05.11 - National CRPS Conference in Bath
Two researchers of the TREND consortium will perform at the National CRPS Conference in Bath, on Wednesday 18th – Friday 20th May 2011.
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3.05.11 - PhD thesis of Susan Collins
On Tuesday May 24th 2011 Susan Collins will defend the PhD thesis at the VU University.
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2.05.11 - Literature review on peripheral trauma and movement disorders: A systematic review of reported cases
Several TREND researchers performed a systematic review of all cases reported in literature in which a peripheral trauma preceded the onset of a movement disorder.
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24.01.11 - Inaugural Lecture dr. F.J.P.M. Huygen
On Friday February 18 dr. F.J.P.M Huygen will publicly accept his appointment with an inaugural lecture.
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29.11.10 - Development of a severity score for CRPS
Norman Harden and others conducted a study in order to evaluate the validity and utility of a continuous type score to index severity of CRPS. The results are published in Pain.
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18.11.10 - Evidence based guidelines for complex regional pain syndrome type 1
A Dutch multidisciplinary taskforce has recently published evidence based guidelines developed for treatment of CRPS-1.
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11.11.10 - Doctoral degree of Monique van Rijn
Recently Monique van Rijn has taken her Ph D on a thesis which describes the results of several studies on movement disorders in patients with CRPS.
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27.08.10 - Single bolus administration of ITM not efficacious in CRPS patients
A double-blind experiment aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of a single intrathecal administration of methylprednisolone (ITM) in patients with complex regional pain syndrome. ITM had no effect on pain.
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4.08.10 - New research findings on the influence of the NEP gene on CRPS
The NEP gene is not a major risk factor for CRPS.
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26.07.10 - Validation of the "Budapest Criteria"
Norman Harden and others did a study in order to compare current IASP criteria for CRPS to new diagnostic criteria (the "Budapest Criteria"). The results are published in Pain.
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21.07.10 - Baclofen-induced chorea in CRPS-related dystonia
Patients with CRPS-related dystonia have an increased susceptibility of developing chorea after the administration of baclofen.
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1.07.10 - World Congress of Pain in Montreal
From 29 August until 2 September the World Congress of Pain will be held in Montreal, Canada. Various TREND researchers will attend this congress to speak about their research on CRPS.
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15.06.10 - No genetic mutations found for dystonia
Gosso and colleagues (LUMC, Leiden) found no genetic mutations in CRPS patients with dystonia. The research findings were recently published in Journal of Neurology
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25.05.10 - Spontaneous onset of CRPS

CRPS is usually preceded by a trauma like a fracture, inflammation or operation. In 3-11% of all cases however the disease develops spontaneously. De Rooij and others (LUMC Leiden) compared ‘spontaneous’ CRPS patients with trauma related CRPS patients. The results have recently been published in the European Journal of Pain.

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22.04.10 - Doctoral degree A.M. de Rooij
On Tuesday 27 April Annetje de Rooij will take her doctoral degree at Leiden University by defending her thesis Genetic and epidemiological aspects of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome.
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19.04.10 - Feedback van lichaam speelt rol bij beweging
Verschillende systemen spelen een rol bij het vrijwillig uitvoeren van fysieke taken. Mugge en anderen (TU Delft) onderzochten of de bijdrage van ieder van deze systemen is te kwantificeren. De resultaten zijn onlangs verschenen in Experimental Brain Research.
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14.04.10 - Brush-evoked allodynia predicts outcome of spinal cord stimulation in CRPS
Van Eijs and others (Acacemic Hospital Maastricht) did a study in order to predict in which cases SCS can be used against CRPS.
The results were published in the European Journal of Pain.
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6.04.10 - TREND symposium 2010
On Friday 26 March the yearly TREND symposium was held in Zeist. During this symposium 10 research trainees presented findings from completed studies or research proposals. Futhermore there was a presentation by Florian Brunner, from the Swiss TREND partner, Balgrist Uniklinik in Zürich.
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1.02.10 - Ketamine leads to pain reduction

The standard treatments of pain in CRPS ltaten op. Sigtermans and others studied the effect of S(+)-ketamine on pain reduction in CRPS. The results were recently published in Pain.

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26.01.10 - Referral and treatment not always as planned
CRPS patients are treated by various medical specialists. De Mos and others (Erasmus MC Rotterdam) did a study on the way patients are referred and treated in the Netherlands. The findings have recently been published in Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica .
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8.01.10 - Only very small increased risk in siblings of CRPS patients
De Rooij and others asked 405 CRPS patients about the occurence of CRPS in their siblings. The aim of the study was to assess the sibling recurrence risk.
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1.10.09 - Intrathecal glycine no effective treatment
Munts and others (LUMC Leiden) studied the effectiveness of intrathecal glycine (ITG), as well as the safety of the treatment. The results are available on-line on the website of Pain.
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30.09.09 - Parts of HLA system possibly play a part in CRPS
De Rooij and others from the LUMC in Leiden found that two alleles of the HLA system of the genes were significantly correlated with this specific group of patients. The results have recently been published in Pain.
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28.09.09 - New version The Observer XT
Noldus Information Technology has recently released a new version of The Observer XT. In version 9.0 several improvements have been made, which make the system more appropriate for clinical research.
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24.09.09 - New "Automatic Footprint Classification" in CatWalk
This week Noldus Information Technology announced the release of CatWalk™ XT 8.1. This latest version of CatWalk has an "Automatic Footprint Classification" system.
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7.09.09 - Doctoral degree for George Groeneweg
On Wednesday 9 September George Groeneweg (Erasmus MC, Rotterdam) has taken his doctoral degree by defending his thesis on blood flow regulation in people with cold CRPS.
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26.08.09 - The Observer XT useful tool in multimodal research
A study by Zimmerman and others showed that The Observer XT is a useful tool in multimodal research. The integration and synchronization of these multimodal signals in The Observer XT allows the user to draw a more complete picture of the
phenomena under study.
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26.08.09 - Positive results treatment of dystonia with baclofen
Van Rijn and others (LUMC) did a study on the efficacy and safety of the treatment of CRPS 1 with baclofen. For this purpose 36 patients received a baclofen pump. The results have recently been published in Pain.
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24.08.09 - Pilot study with magnesium promising
A pilot study at the VU Medical Center with the intravenous administration of magnesium has shown positive results. Magnesium seems to be an effective treatment of CRPS 1.
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4.05.09 - CatWalk useful addition to Von Frey test
Recently is was suggested that the CatWalk could offer a quick and objective alternative to the Von Frey test for determining mechanical allodynia. Gabriel and performed a study on this subject and published their findings in Behavioural Brain Reseach.
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20.04.09 - New instrument for continuous pain measurement
Researchers from the OLVG and the VU medical center in Amsterdam have developed an instrument to monitor pain intensity on a continuous basis: the Continuous Pain Score Meter (CPSM).
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12.04.09 - Study of muscle reflexes in Delft
Schuurmans and others performed a study to find out more about the M2 response, a poorly understood muscle reflex. The findings have recently been published in Experimental Brain Research.
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31.03.09 - 2nd International Conference on Psychogenic Movement Disorders'
Prof. dr. Bob van Hilten will hold a lecture on CRPS during the second international conference on Psychogenic Movement Disorders. The conference will take place from 2 to 4 April 2009.
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30.03.09 - Interesting findings on inflammation in CRPS
Researchers at the Erasmus MC in Rotterdam studied the influence of ACE inhibitors on the inflammatory aspects of CRPS. Their findings will be published in the April issue of Pain.
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30.03.09 - TREND symposium 2009
On Friday 27 March the yearly TREND symposium was held in Soesterberg. During this symposium the TREND researchers present research findings from completed studies or present research proposals. They also discuss the future of the TREND consortium and its research on CRPS.
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18.03.09 - Better insight in disease mechanisms and risk factors
An overview of the current understandings of the mechanisms underlying complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS). That is the outcome of a study by De Mos and others at the Erasmus Medical Center in Rotterdam.
Furthermore they looked into the known risk factors of CRPS. Knowledge of these risk factors might facilitate early diagnosis and a tailored treatment.
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16.02.09 - No clear effects of estrogens on Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS)
De Mos and others (Erasmus MC) have studied the influence of the female hormone estrogen on CRPS.
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9.02.09 - Hypersensitivity not more frequent among CRPS patients
Hypersensitivity is not more frequent among CRPS patients than among non-CRPS patients. This is the outcome of research at the Erasmus Medical Centre in Rotterdam by Wesseldijk, Van Toorenbergen, Van Wijk, Huygen and Zijlstra.
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5.02.09 - Treatment with tadalafil looks promising
Researchers of the Erasmus MC in Rotterdam studied the effect of the drug tadalafil on the reduced bloodflow in CRPS patients. They also looked wether it would reduce the pain and improve daily functioning.
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23.01.09 - No clear pattern of inheritance for Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS-1)
TREND studied 31 families in which two or more people have, or have had, CRPS-1. Although multiple occurences of CRPS-1 within the same family are possible, no clear inheritance pattern could be found in this study.
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8.12.08 - Better insight in epidemiology of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS)
The department Medical Informatics of the Erasmus MC in Rotterdam carried out several studies on incidence, outcomes and treatment of CRPS.
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30.11.08 - Congress for Rehabilitation Doctors
The national organisation for Rehabilitation Doctors (VRA) organised a congress on 'Hand injuries and CRPS'. Various TREND researchers participated in this congress.
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21.11.08 - Doctoral degree Marissa de Mos (Erasmus MC)
On Thursday the 20th of November Marissa Vrolijk-de Mos will take her doctoral degree by defending her thesis 'In Search for the Etiology of the Complex Regional Pain Syndrome'.
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21.11.08 - Congres of Dutch Association of CRPS Patient
As part of the 20 year anniversary the Dutch Association of PD Patients organises a congress with contributions from various TREND researchers.
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1.11.08 - Inaugural lecture Miriam Sturkenboom
Miriam Sturkenboom PhD has been appointed professor at the Erasmus University Rotterdam. She will accept this new position by delivering her inaugural lecture on the 31st of October.
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24.10.08 - Psychological features play possible role in CRPS
CRPS-1 can have a very profound impact on someone's life. TREND tries to find the physical causes of the disease. Apart from the physical factors psychological factors could also play a role in CRPS-1.
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20.10.08 - Cytokines only partly responsible for CRPS
Researchers at the Erasmus MC studies the role of TNF-α and IL6 in CRPS.
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13.10.08 - Doctoral Degree Feikje Wesseldijk
On Friday the 17th of October Feikje Wesseldijk will take her doctoral degree for her thesis on mediators of inflammation in CRPS.
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1.09.08 - Treatment of CRPS with Mannitol not effective
The treatment of CPRS with mannitol has not proved effective. That is the conclusion of a study done by Perez and others at the VU Medical Centre in Amsterdam.
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26.08.08 - Measuring Behavior 2008 starts today
Today is the first day of Measuring Behavior 2008 in Maasticht (The Netherlands). This 6th international conference focusses on methods and techniques in behavioral research.
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19.08.08 - 26-29 August: Measuring Behavior 2008
The 6th international conference on methods and techniques in behavioral research, will take place in Maastricht (The Netherlands).
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16.08.08 - TREND lectures at conference in Cardiff
From 13 to 15 August the Cleveland Clinic organised a 2 day conference in Cardiff on the following theme: 'Objective correlates of CRPS: utility for diagnostic criteria'.
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11.08.08 - 17-22 August: 12th IASP World Congress
From 17 to 22 Augustus the International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) organises it's 12th world congress in Glasgow. TREND will contribute to this conference in various ways.
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4.08.08 - 13-15 Augsust: CRPS Conference in Cardiff
From 13 to 15 August the Cleveland Clinic organises a 2 day conference in Cardiff on the following theme: 'Objective correlates of CRPS: utility for diagnostic criteria'.
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9.07.08 - Swiss partner sets up cohort study
In co-operation with TREND partners the Balgrist University Hospital in Switserland has set up a prospective cohort study on CRPS.
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7.07.08 - TREND consortium receives positive evaluation
A special commission from SenterNovem is positive about the developments of the TREND consortium and the results of their research.
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23.06.08 - New CRPS symptoms questionnaire valid and reliable
TREND researchers have developed a questionnaire to assess CRPS, fibromyalgia and RSI in patients: the Trauma Related Neuronal Dysfuntion Symptoms Inventory (TSI).
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19.06.08 - 3 new publications Erasmus MC
In June TREND researchers from Erasmus MC Rotterdam published three new articles.
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31.05.08 - Thinking about movement hurts
CRPS patients that have to perform a virtual movement task, report an increase in pain.
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26.05.08 - Bob van Hilten appointed professor at Leiden
Bob van Hilten has been appointed professor at the University of Leiden
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28.02.08 - New publications 2008
Five TREND articles have been published in 2008 so far.
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21.01.08 - EuroNeuro congress
From 16 to 19 January 2008 the fifth anual EuroNeuro congress will take place.
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26.09.07 - New publications
Recently two articles on the CatWalk have been published in the Journal of Neuroscience Methods.
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20.09.07 - Agenda
This page gives an overview of forthcoming activities of TREND, like promotions, publications, symposia, lectures and workshops.
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12.07.07 - Possible co-operation with hospital in Zürich
TREND is looking at the possibilities to co-operate with a hospital in Zürich.
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12.07.07 - Vitamin C reduces risk of development CRPS
Research shows the importance of vitamin C for reducing the risk of developing CRPS after a wrist fracture.
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27.06.07 - Welcome to the new website
On June 27th the new website of the TREND consortium went online.
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20.10.08 - Cytokines only partly responsible for CRPS

Previous studies showed that the concentrations of the proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL6 are higher in CRPS patients.

Wesseldijk, Huygen, Heijmans-Antonissen, Niehof en Zijlstra showed that after 6 years the concentrations of these cytokines have decreased, but this did not result in a decrease in pain. de TNF-α and IL6 play a part in CRPS, but are not fully responsible for the total disease.

The researchers published their results in Mediators of Inflammation: ‘Six years follow-up of the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in patients with Complex Regional Pain Syndrome’.